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Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
Anabolic-androgenic steroids act through androgen receptors to promote muscle growth and support male secondary sexual characteristics.
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Anabolic-androgenic steroids are a class of natural and synthetic hormones that includes testosterone and compounds related to it. The name describes two linked effects: anabolic effects promote skeletal muscle growth, while androgenic effects support the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone is the main hormone in this class produced naturally by the body .1
These hormones act principally through androgen receptors inside cells. After binding a hormone, the receptor can interact with DNA and alter the activity of particular genes. This helps explain why the effects extend beyond muscle: androgen-responsive tissues occur throughout the body. The response also depends on how a compound is processed within different tissues .1
Some anabolic-androgenic steroids have medical uses, including testosterone replacement for diagnosed hormone deficiency. Nonmedical use to increase muscle size or strength commonly involves doses much higher than replacement treatment .1
References
- Bond P, Smit DL, de Ronde W Anabolic-androgenic steroids: How do they work and what are the risks?. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2022. About this source DOI
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