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Intra-Abdominal Pressure

Intra-abdominal pressure describes pressure inside the abdominal cavity, while sustained pathological elevation defines distinct clinical syndromes.

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Intra-abdominal pressure, or IAP, is the pressure within the abdominal cavity. In clinical settings it is expressed in millimeters of mercury and should be measured under standardized conditions because measurement technique and patient-related factors can affect the recorded value .1

IAP becomes clinically important when it is persistently elevated. In critically ill patients, a sustained or repeated pathological elevation is termed intra-abdominal hypertension, while abdominal compartment syndrome involves elevated intra-abdominal pressure together with new organ dysfunction or failure. These are clinical syndromes rather than simply any brief rise in abdominal pressure .1

Intra-abdominal pressure should therefore be interpreted in the context of how and when it was measured. The consensus terminology is intended to distinguish the pressure itself from intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome and to make measurements more comparable across patients and studies .1

References

  1. Malbrain ML, Cheatham ML, Kirkpatrick A, Sugrue M, Parr M, De Waele J, Balogh Z, Leppäniemi A, Olvera C, Ivatury R, D'Amours S, Wendon J, Hillman K, Johansson K, Kolkman K, Wilmer A Results from the International Conference of Experts on Intra-abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome. I. Definitions. Intensive care medicine. 2006. About this source DOI

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