Explore Journal

Do Women Need Different Recovery Nutrition?

Recovery nutrition research in female athletes remains too limited to justify rigid menstrual-cycle diets, despite real hormonal differences.

How Your Body Produces Energy during Exercise?

ATP regeneration draws on overlapping energy pathways whose contributions shift with exercise demands, keeping muscle work supplied with usable energy.

Carbohydrates Aren’t Just Fuel

Carbohydrate metabolism supplies more than immediate energy, providing glucose-derived material that cells can store or use to build molecules.

How Your Body Manages Fuel between Meals

Fuel use shifts gradually between meals as nutrient supply and hormone signals change, moving metabolism from storage toward use of body reserves.

What Train Low Means for Endurance Training?

Train-low strategies reduce carbohydrate availability for selected endurance sessions, but research has not established one consistently best approach.

The Many Jobs of Lipids in Your Body

Lipids do more than store energy, with different forms serving essential roles in the structures and signals that keep the body working.

Only a Few Hours to Recover? What Your Body Needs before the Next Workout

Recovery nutrition between closely spaced workouts should match the fuel and fluid losses from the last session to the demands of the next.

How Your Body Makes Glucose When Blood Sugar Falls

Gluconeogenesis makes glucose from noncarbohydrate materials, helping the liver and kidneys maintain blood glucose when dietary fuel is unavailable.

When Carb Loading Makes Sense

Carbohydrate loading raises muscle glycogen before prolonged endurance events, helping sustain performance when carbohydrate supplies become limiting.